
Duplex alloys are categorized by their Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN), calculated as:
| Family | Common Grade | UNS / Werkstoff | Typical PREN | Primary Advantage |
| Lean Duplex | 2101 / 2304 | UNS S32101 / 1.4162 UNS S32304 / 1.4362 | 2428 | Low nickel content; economical 304/316 substitute for non-critical environments. |
| Standard Duplex | 2205 | UNS S31803 / UNS S32205 1.4462 | 3436 | Workhorse grade combining high yield strength (~450 MPa) with high chloride SCC resistance. |
| Super Duplex | 2507 / Zeron 100 | UNS S32750 / 1.4410 UNS S32760 / 1.4501 | 4245 | High Mo + N content; built for sour gas, high-temperature marine, and concentrated acid service. |
| Hyper Duplex | 2707 | UNS S32707 / 1.4658 | >48 | Extreme pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in severe subsea and aggressive chemical media. |
When ordering or specifying duplex pipe schedules and pressure ratings, common ASTM/ASME standards include:
ASTM A790 / ASME SA790: Standard specification for seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe.
ASTM A928: Specification for ferritic/austenitic (duplex) stainless steel pipe electric-fusion welded with addition of filler metal.
ASTM A815: Standard specification for wrought ferritic/austenitic stainless steel piping fittings.
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156: Requirements for duplex materials used in sour environments in oil and gas production.
Fabrication & Welding Note: Welding duplex pipes requires tight heat input control (typically 0.52.5 kJ/mm) and shielded back-purging (e.g., $98\% to preserve the critical 50:50 ferrite-austenite phase balance and prevent brittle intermetallic phase formation between 600C and 1000C.
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