
BS 3S106 (superseded by BS 4S106 in current British Aerospace Standards) is a high-specification 3% Chromium-Molybdenum (Cr-Mo) nitriding steel bar grade.
Supplied primarily in the hardened, tempered, and stress-relieved condition (designation 3S106D / 4S106D) as bright round bars, it is engineered for components that require high core toughness alongside an exceptionally hard, wear-resistant nitrided case ($>650\text{--}800\text{ HV1}$).
| Element | Weight Range (%) | Function in 3S106 / 4S106 Steel |
| Carbon ($\text{C}$) | 0.20 â 0.28 | Delivers core strength and high fatigue limits without sacrificing ductility. |
| Chromium ($\text{Cr}$) | 3.00 â 3.50 | Primary nitride former; forms ultra-hard $\text{CrN}$ precipitates in the case layer. |
| Molybdenum ($\text{Mo}$) | 0.50 â 0.70 | Eliminates temper brittleness; enhances high-temperature creep strength. |
| Manganese ($\text{Mn}$) | 0.40 â 0.70 | Increases core hardenability across thick ruling sections. |
| Silicon ($\text{Si}$) | 0.10 â 0.35 | Deoxidizer during steelmaking. |
| Nickel ($\text{Ni}$) | $\le 0.30\text{ max}$ | Kept low to optimize nitrided surface layer depth and uniform hardness. |
| Phosphorus ($\text{P}$) | $\le 0.020\text{ max}$ | Aerospace cleanliness limit to protect transverse fatigue strength. |
| Sulfur ($\text{S}$) | $\le 0.020\text{ max}$ | Restricted to maintain high impact energy limits. |
| Property | Value (Core / Pre-Nitrided State) | Value (Post-Nitrided Surface) |
| Tensile Strength ($\sigma_b$) | 930 â 1080 MPa | â |
| 0.2% Proof Stress ($\sigma_{0.2}$) | $\ge 740\text{ MPa}$ | â |
| Elongation ($A_5$) | $\ge 13\%$ | â |
| Izod Impact Energy | $\ge 47.5\text{ J}$ ($35\text{ ft}\cdot\text{lbf}$) | â |
| Core Hardness | 269 â 321 HB (285 â 340 HV) | â |
| Nitrided Surface Hardness | â | 650 â 800+ HV1 ($\approx 58\text{--}64\text{ HRC}$) |
| Effective Case Depth | â | 0.20 â 0.60 mm (cycle-dependent) |
| Standard / System | Designation / Equivalent |
| BS Aerospace (Current Active) | BS 4S106 / BS 4S106D |
| BS Aerospace (Legacy) | BS 3S106 / BS 2S106 |
| BS 970 Commercial | 722M24 / EN40B |
| DIN / W.Nr. (Germany/EN) | 32CrMo12 (1.7361) / 33CrMoV12-9 (1.8522) |
| Rolls-Royce Spec | MSRR 6001 |
| French AFNOR | 30 CD 12 / 32 CrMo 13 |
Because gas or plasma nitriding takes place at low temperatures ($500^\circ\text{C}\text{--}540^\circ\text{C}$), parts machined from 3S106/4S106 bars undergo virtually zero dimensional distortion during surface hardening:
Aerospace & Defense: Gas turbine main shafts, actuator power screws, turbine fasteners, high-load pump gears, and valve spindles.
Motorsports & High-Performance Automotive: Race crankshafts, camshafts, output shafts, wrist pins, and drive pinions.
Industrial Machinery: Extruder feed screws, high-pressure barrels, and heavy-duty tie bars.
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